乌东德水电站大坝防渗帷幕成幕影响地质因素分析及处理措施     

向家菠  王团乐  倪凯军  宛良朋  施炎  胡巍 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2018,48(5):1581-1588

灌浆工程为地下隐蔽工程,其地质条件约束着实际的现场施工工艺,且不同地质条件对应不同的岩石属性,并将直接影响着防渗帷幕的优化设计,同时地质条件分析不足也将给整个灌浆工程带来很多不确定的风险。目前,地质条件预测在隧洞开挖过程中的研究较充分,但在灌浆工程中地质因素的研究较少。本文以乌东德水电站大坝防渗帷幕工程为例,分析了对防渗帷幕成幕有影响的岩溶、角砾岩、断层、岩层走向与帷幕走向大角度相交及长大结构面等地质因素,并针对不同地质因素的特点,提出了采取浓浆回填、灌浆孔加密加深、灌浆压力及浆材动态调整等处理措施,为帷幕灌浆工程优化提供了必要支持。  相似文献   

江西相山铀矿田邹—石断裂新解   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张万良 《火山地质与矿产》2014,(1):46-52

邹—石断裂分布在江西相山铀矿田西部,前人认为是一条重要的成矿构造.本次研究发现矿体并不产于邹—石断裂本身,断裂没有控制矿体几何形态,不是矿质直接充填或交代的地质构造单元,不具成矿构造的特点.由于邹石断裂在地形上呈现线性沟谷,遥感影像图上呈现清晰的线性影像,切错了花岗斑岩.构造岩主要是围岩的破碎角砾、构造透镜体和断层泥,以脆性变形为主,温热水与之关系密切,故认为,邹—石断裂具有新构造活动的踪迹,可能形成于新近纪—第四纪,属矿后构造.  相似文献   

Vision-based system of AUV for an underwater pipeline tracker     

张铁栋  曾文静  万磊  秦再白 《中国海洋工程》2012,26(3):547-554

This paper describes a new framework for detection and tracking of underwater pipeline,which includes software system and hardware system.It is designed for vision system of AUV based on monocular CCD camera.First,the real-time data flow from image capture card is pre-processed and pipeline features are extracted for navigation.The region saturation degree is advanced to remove false edge point group after Sobel operation.An appropriate way is proposed to clear the disturbance around the peak point in the process of Hough transform.Second,the continuity of pipeline layout is taken into account to improve the efficiency of line extraction.Once the line information has been obtained,the reference zone is predicted by Kalman filter.It denotes the possible appearance position of the pipeline in the image.Kalman filter is used to estimate this position in next frame so that the information of pipeline of each frame can be known in advance.Results obtained on real optic vision data in tank experiment are displayed and discussed.They show that the proposed system can detect and track the underwater pipeline online,and is effective and feasible.  相似文献   

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程广义  张海东  张英利  万鑫  赵淑芬 《大地测量与地球动力学》2012,32(2):96-99

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论碰撞作用时间   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

万天丰 《地学前缘》2011,18(3):48-56

以中国及欧洲大陆一些碰撞带所测得的同位素年龄为基础,讨论板块从俯冲到碰撞的过程,认为依次发生了如下事件：俯冲板块的运移速度减慢,洋壳在地表消失,开始碰撞,形成强构造变形与动力变质作用,发生一系列的岩浆活动,最后才隆升成山。这些事件都具有不同的同位素年龄。碰撞的初始作用时间,应该在所测年龄最新的洋壳消失以后,在强构造变形与动力变质作用发生之前。显然,如果只想使用任何一种地质事件的年龄来确定碰撞作用的初始作用时间都是很困难的。俯冲板块运移的初次减速很可能是由于从原来具有典型大洋岩石圈结构的板块俯冲,转变为洋陆过渡型板块俯冲所致。对于较小的、强度不大的板块来说,如中国大陆地块群,在板块碰撞与拼合之后,大陆板块仍可发生地壳转动或大幅度的位移。沿碰撞带主断层面贯入的“钉合岩体”可以是同构造期形成的,也可能是继续碰撞作用的产物。  相似文献   

An application of three-dimensional electrical resistivity imaging for the detection of an underground waste-water system     

Ahmad Neyamadpour  Samsudin Taib  W. A. T. Wan Abdullah 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2009,53(3):389-402

A 3D electrical resistivity imaging survey is presented in this paper. The objective was to investigate an underground wastewater system at the University of Malaya, Malaysia. Apparent resistivity data were collected along ten parallel lines using a Wenner-Schlumberger configuration; electrode cables were oriented in the x-direction with 3 m spacing. Roll-along measurements using a line spacing of 3 m were carried out covering a grid of 20 × 10 electrodes. All data sets were merged into a single data file in order to perform a 3D inversion. Two different 3D least squares algorithms, based on the robust inversion method and the smoothness-constrained technique, were used for the inversion of the apparent resistivity data. Both the horizontal and vertical extents of the anomalous zones found by inversion are displayed. The results indicate the superiority of the robust inversion method over the smoothness-constrained technique at this site. The results are in sufficient accordance with previously known information about the investigation area. The results show that 3D electrical resistivity imaging surveys, in combination with an appropriate 3D inversion method, can be highly useful for engineering and archaeological investigations as well as for environmental applications.  相似文献   

科里奥利力对断层作用的统计研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

盛书中  万永革  田力 《中国地震》2009,25(3)

首先给出了分解到已知断层面法向和切向上的断层错动科里奥利应力(简称为科里奥利法向应力和切向应力)表达式,然后从哈佛大学矩心矩张量目录中选取主余震资料进行分析,按断层分类研究了科里奥利法向应力和主震震级与其最大余震震级差及主震地震矩与余震地震矩总和之差的折合矩震级间的关系.研究结果显示:地震断层错动过程中虽然产生了使断层两盘相互拉离(或挤压)的科里奥利法向应力,它降低(或增加)了断层错动时断层面上的摩擦阻力,但是应力量值太小(科里奥利法向应力估计最大不到0.1MPa,即不到一个大气压),不足以对断层错动及主震能量释放产生影响,从而影响余震的最大震级和总体水平.  相似文献   

Zircon U-Pb SHRIMP ages of the Taiping (calc-alkaline)-Huangshan (alkaline) composite intrusion: Constraints on Mesozoic lithospheric thinning of the southeastern Yangtze Craton,China   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

HuaiMin Xue  YingGeng Wang  Fang Ma  Cheng Wang  DeEn Wan  YanLong Zuo 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2009,52(11):1756-1770

The Taiping-Huangshan composite intrusion is a unique complex with characteristics changing from calc-alkaline (Taiping intrusion) to alkaline (Huangshan intrusion). Huangshan intrusion samples show a spectacular tetrad effect in their REE distribution patterns as well as non-CHARAC (charge-and-radius-controlled) trace element behavior, indicating a highly evolved late-stage magma component. This composite intrusion provides a rare opportunity to investigate the variance of tectonic setting and lithospheric thinning of the southeastern Yangtze Craton in late Mesozoic era. Zircon SHRIMP U-Pb analyses yield an emplacement age of 140.6±1.2 Ma for the Taiping intrusion, and ages of 127.7±1.3, 125.7±1.4, 125.1±1.5, and 125.2±5.5 Ma for four samples from the Huangshan intrusion respectively. The ages for four different phases of the Huangshan intrusion agree within their small analytical errors, indicating that the emplacement was in a short time. The Taiping and Huangshan intrusions are intimately associated, but there is about 15 Ma interval between their intrusion, and the magma characters change from calc-alkaline to alkaline without transition. This probably corresponds to lithospheric thinning of the southeastern Yangtze Craton. This event possibly happened from about 141 Ma (the emplacement age of the Taiping intrusion), to 128 Ma (start of emplacement of the Huangshan intrusion). The thinning mechanism is dominantly delamination.  相似文献   

Real-time seismology for the 05/12/2008 Wenchuan earthquake of China: A retrospective view   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Paul SOMMERVILLE 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2009,52(2):155-165

The devastating 05/12/2008 Wenchuan earthquake (M_w7.9) in Sichuan Province of China showed very few precursory phenomena and occurred on a fault system once assigned to be of moderate long term seismic risk. Given the existing coverage of seismograph stations in Sichuan Province, real-time seismology could have been effective in avoiding some earthquake damage and helping post-earthquake emergency response. In a retrospective view, we demonstrated that the epicenter can be located with 20 km accuracy using just two broadband stations with three-component, which takes only about 10 s after the onset of the earthquake. Initial magnitude is estimated to be M7 with the Tc measurement over first 4 seconds of P waves. Better magnitude estimate can be obtained within 2 min by modeling Pnl waves for stations about 500 km away where the S waveforms are clipped. The rupture area is well revealed by teleseismically-recorded >M5 early aftershocks within two hours after the mainshock. Within a few hours, teleseismic body waves were inverted to derive a more detailed rupture process and the finite fault model can be readily used to calculate ground motions, thus providing vital information for rescue efforts in the case where no real-time strong motion records are available. Supported by the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. KZCX2-YW-116-1) and National Key Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2006BAC03B00)  相似文献   

Ionospheric response to the geomagnetic storm on 13–17 April 2006 in the West Pacific region     

Biqiang Zhao  Weixing Wan  Libo Liu  K. Igarashi  K. Yumoto  Baiqi Ning 《Journal of Atmospheric and Solar》2009,71(1):88-100

This paper presents an investigation of geomagnetic storm effects in the equatorial and middle-low latitude F-region in the West Pacific sector during the intense geomagnetic storm on 13–17 April, 2006. The event, preceded by a minor storm, started at 2130 UT on April 13 while interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) B_z component was ready to turn southward. From 14–17 the ionosphere was characterized by a large scale enhancement in critical frequency, foF2 (4～6 MHz) and total electron content (TEC) (～30TECU, 1TECU=1×10¹⁶el/m²) followed by a long-duration negative phase observed through the simultaneous ionospheric sounding measurements from 14 stations and GPS network along the meridian 120°E. A periodic wave structure, known as traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs) was observed in the morning sector during the initial phase of the storm which should be associated with the impulsive magnetospheric energy injection to the auroral. In the afternoon and nighttime, the positive phase should be caused by the combination of equatorward winds and disturbed electric fields verified through the equatorial F-layer peak height variation and modeled upward drift of Fejer and Scherliess [1997. Empirical models of storm time equatorial electric fields. Journal of Geophysical Research 102, 24,047–24,056]. It is shown that the large positive storm effect was more pronounced in the Southern Hemisphere during the morning-noon sector on April 15 and negative phase reached to lower magnetic latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere which may be related to the asymmetry of the thermospheric condition during the storm.  相似文献